PUBLISHED: 23:07 GMT, 26 May 2018 | UPDATED: 19:33 GMT, 27 May 2018
Crash’ diets have better results than more common weight-loss regimes and should be prescribed on the NHS, according to an Oxford University obesity expert.
‘Phenomenal’ results from a major new trial show those put on a rigorous 800-calorie-a-day programme lost three times more weight than those assigned normal diets, said Professor Susan Jebb.
For years, crash diets have been criticised for being unscientific and counter-productive. The NHS advises they are ‘hard to follow’, adding: ‘Most people put the weight back on.’
But Prof Jebb said fears of ‘yo-yo’ dieting were misplaced, as studies showed the more weight people shed to start with, the longer it took to put back on.
‘Crash’ diets have better results than more common weight-loss regimes and should be prescribed on the NHS, according to an Oxford University obesity expert. ‘Phenomenal’ results from a major new trial show those put on a rigorous 800-calorie-a-day programme lost three times more weight than those assigned normal diets, said Professor Susan Jebb. (Picture posed by model)
Her study of 278 obese patients in Oxfordshire found that those placed on a meal-replacement diet – where breakfast, lunch and dinner are swapped for nutritionally complete soups, shakes and meal bars – were 10kg (more than 1½st) lighter after one year.
By comparison, those given standard advice – to cut down on calories and eat healthily – were only 3kg lighter 12 months later.
相比之下，那些接受出标准建议的人——减少卡路里和健康饮食——12个月后体重只减轻了3公斤。
Prof Jebb, a dietitian and former Government obesity tsar, said: ‘By referring people to this programme, they lose 7kg more than they would have lost under what we usually offer them.
‘It’s phenomenal – extraordinary – and like nothing we’ve seen in primary care before.’ 营养学家、前政府肥胖问题顾问Jebb教授说:“通过推荐人们参加这个项目，他们的体重比一般的方法减轻多出7公斤。这种情况是惊人的，非同寻常的，也是我们在主流医疗中从未见过的。
The top-line results of the study, nicknamed Droplet, have just been presented at the 25th European Congress on Obesity in Vienna.
这项名为Droplet的顶级研究结果刚刚在维也纳举行的第25届欧洲肥胖大会上公布。 Droplet used a commercial product calledCambridge Weight Plan, where dieters ditch all normal food for shakes, soups and meal bars formulated to make the dieter feel full. Droplet使用了一种叫做剑桥体重计划( Cambridge Weight Plan )的商业产品，在这种产品中，节食者放弃了所有正常的食物，转而吃奶昔、汤和餐吧，这些都是为了让节食者感到饱足而配制的。
After two or three months, they slowly ‘wean’ themselves on to real foods. The approach has been road-tested on four volunteers in BBC documentary The Big Crash Diet Experiment, which airs on Wednesday.
两三个月后，他们慢慢地“戒掉”吃真正的食物。英国广播公司( BBC )周三播出的纪录片《大崩溃饮食实验》( Big Crash Diet expection )中，四名志愿者对这种方法进行了实验。
On average, each lost 17kg after nine weeks. That is a little more than the 14kg average. Prof Jebb saw in her study at that point: the typical pattern is to put weight back on in the following nine months.
Among the volunteers was Catholic priest Paul Lomas, 64, who shed 22.4kg – more than 3½st – and saw his type 2 diabetes reversed.
在志愿参与者中，64岁的天主教牧师保罗·洛马斯减掉了22.4公斤体重，而他的2型糖尿病得到了逆转。
Prof Jebb said such results mirrored those of a similar study by Professor Roy Taylor, of Newcastle University, who looked at whether very low-calorie diets could reverse type 2 diabetes.
He found it could – with 45 per cent of participants diabetes-free after a year. Prof Jebb said: ‘If this was a drug, we’d have people screaming from the rooftops for it to be available on the NHS.’
Health economists have yet to run the rule over these diets to see if they are cost-effective enough for the NHS – and at about £700 for a six-month plan, they are not cheap.
But she said: ‘I am absolutely confident this is clinically effective. If this proves also to be cost-effective, then it should be provided on the NHS.’
但她说:“我绝对相信这在临床上是有效的。如果这也证明是符合成本效益的，则应由NHS提供。
Less radical diet programmes WeightWatchers and Slimming World, where people typically end the year 5kg lighter, had been found to be ‘screamingly cost-effective’ for the NHS, she noted, because they saved on long-term costs spent on diabetes drugs, knee replacements and hospital stays for heart disease.
Longer-term studies show that weight creeps back to pre-diet levels after ‘four or five years’ but she said even if this happened, ‘all is definitely not lost, because we know that even short periods of weight loss bring surprisingly big health benefits’.
This was because the health risks of obesity are ‘directly related both to how heavy you are, and how long you carry that extra weight around’.
这是因为肥胖的健康风险“直接关系到体重有多少，以及拥有额外体重的时间有多长”。
One in four adults is now obese, with diabetes estimated to cost the NHS £10 billion a year. Prof Jebb warned: ‘If we don’t tackle this, we will just see the burden on the NHS going up.’
